The Elusive Mrs. Pollifax (1971) by Dorothy Gilman #Reading1971

 

👒 On her third mission from CIA, the septuagenarian Mrs. Emily Pollifax was given a task to convey eight forged passport into Bulgaria, to help members of the underground political movement to flee the country. As usual, despite of the seemingly simple task, Mrs. Pollifax embarked on another more thrilling adventure. It all started when Mr. Carstairs visited Mrs. Pollifax's apartment (it's the first time he saw her on her natural habitat, so to speak). She's embrace a new hobby (besides karate lessons), which is growing, in her balcony, night-blooming cereus - a species of flowering cactus, which, true to its name, only blooms at only a single night. But of course, she must leave her flower for a while, to embark on a new adventure to Bulgaria. But the positive side is, she's to get a new hat intricately trimmed with flower and bird, which was especially designed to hide that eight forged passports she must smuggle to the country. 

Night-blooming Cereus, source: Wikipedia

👒 Unbeknownst to her, however, Mr. Carstair had cheekily slipped something else inside her coat. He shouldn't do that, in my opinion. It's a dangerous game to play with amateur spy-courier, don't you think? Another complication, which Mr. Carstairs would never had imagined, came from Mrs. Pollifax's brief acquaintance with her fellow flight passenger: Philip Trenda. He's a young American college student who's travelling together with several friends to Bulgaria. As often happened, Mrs. Pollifax's affectionate heart usually brought her to further complications. Not that she ever failed to emerge triumphantly from every obstacles. This time, when a young girl called Debbie, a friend of Philip Trenda, brought news about Philip's being arrested by secret police, just after her arrival at Sofia, of course Mrs. Pollifax could not ignore it, could she? 👒 I don't why, but this book felt a little bit off for me. Usually I would immersed into the adventure (and usually there's aplenty of it), but this time, things get excited only when the rescue of Philip Trenda from his captivity in the Panchevsky Institute began. It was quite a mission-impossible, and only Mrs. Pollifax's genuine thinking and encouragement that made it success. The earlier part of the novel was a bit weary; the Balkan tourist agent and Mrs. Pollifax's encounters, while provided a little hilarious conversation, felt redundant. I'm sorry to say, this is rather a disappoinment, but I would still be reading the series through. Davida @ The Chocolate Lady's Book Review Blog has reviewed the fifth book, and mentioned it as the best so far, so I have a lot of expectation on this one. But maybe I should give Mrs. Pollifax a break next year, and come back to her more fresh the year next.
Rating: ⭐⭐⭐1/2

Lost Horizon (1933) by James Hilton

🗻 Every time I hear the word "Shangri-La", my head always produces the famous luxury hotels in South East Asia. I vaguely know that Shangri-La is a kind of mythical paradise-ish place somewhere near China. But I hardly know that that myth was brought to surface by James Hilton's novel: Lost Horizon. It is, indeed, a remarkable book - half mythical, half adventurous. And this Shangri-La is actually a hidden place in Tibet, near the Himalayan, where time stood still, and peace reigned.

🗻 Four passengers were on board a plane from Afghanistan, to avoid the forthcoming civil war. They were Hugh Conway, a British diplomat; his deputy, Mallinson; an American called Barnard; and a missionary woman, Miss Brinklow. Conway had shown himself as brave, calm, and resourceful, either during WW1, or his service as diplomat, as was endorsed by Mallinson. So, it is not surprising that when the passengers found out that they were probably been kidnapped - the plane flew off course, and the pilot knew no English - they were all relying on Conway's resourcefulness to be in charge.

🗻 The plane finally crashed on top of a high mountain near the Himalayan, and the pilot was dead; but not before whispering that they need to find shelter at a monastery up the valley. When they were about to prepare for the journey to the unknown territory, there came a procession of some Tibetan lamas, who introduced themselves as lamas from the said monastery. Thence they were brought and rescued, and soon Conway and his friends found out the unreality, as well as the reality, of this place called Shangri-La. Shangri-La is a kind of paradise, but at the same time, it could be regarded as prison. For Conway, to whom freedom, peacefulness, and nature have absolute charm, it is paradise. But to Mallinson, who adored the comfort of modern city, it is a prison. The problem is, there's almost no way out from that hidden and protected Shangri-La. So, what is this Shangri-La, with its quality of utopian tranquility and immortality? To say nothing of it being a cross-cultured between East and West.

🗻 I loved how the story was told by Conway's friend's, who, in the end, did not get hold of all the facts. It just added the surreal aspect to the whole story. Is Shangri-La real? Or is it just hallucination from Conway's side? Did this peaceful and beautiful place ever exist? Or is it a mere dream? All in all, it's an entertaining adventure story, with a touch of mystery, and the certain atmosphere you'd particularly find in every story about Tibet.

Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐1/2

Island of the Blue Dolphins (1960) by Scott O'Dell

🐋 Scott O'Dell wrote this book based on true story of a Nicoleño Native American girl called Juana Maria, who had lived alone for 18 years on San Nicholas Island, in the 18th century. Our girl in this story is Karana, also a Nicoleño girl, who, at the beginning of the story, lives with her father - the leader of the tribe, her little brother Ramo, and older sister Ulape. They live in a village called Ghalas-at, where the people survive by hunting, fishing, and gathering roots. One day a Russian fur-hunter ship called Aleut arrived at the island to hunt for otters. Karana's father dealt with the Russians to let them hunting for a certain price, but the Russians refused to pay, which angered the Ghalas-at people. On the battle that followed, many were killed, including Karana's father.

🐋 Lacking of surviving men, and fear of the Aleuts' returning, the Ghalas-at people decided to move to a new island, leaving their home behind. When the ship was about to leave, realizing that little Ramo had left behind on the island, Karana jumped from the ship amidst the coming storm (which was too dangerous for the ship to return), and swam back to the island. Now alone on the island, Karana and Ramo lived together under the roof of their house, and from the foods they gathered or hunted. The only threat was from the wild dogs, whom, when the people left, became more ferocious. One day they devoured little Ramo, which left Karana really alone on the island, and must somehow survive from the wild dogs, while waiting for the ship to return. But the ship never returned....

🐋 Every girl of Ghalas-at had been taught from childhood that women should not do men's tasks like making weapons or building canoe. It's interesting to see Karana so afraid at first, that something bad would befallen her for what she's doing. But in the end, her survival drive was much stronger than any patriarchal tradition. It's a silly tradition after all; a weaker girl than Karana would soon have been perished of starving or killed by the wild dogs had she not been able to make weapons or canoe, and hunt, and build shelter. On the other hand, Karana still preserved her feminine qualities, like when she made herself a pretty skirt from cormorant skins and feathers, and then wore it when she's out on the shore, admiring herself. 

🐋 It's interesting to read how Karana gathered abalones, then dried them up under the sun. Or how she re-shaped a canoe, that she wouldn't be able to haul herself, to a smaller one. The arrows and spears that she produced, and used to kill some of the wild dogs to avenge her brother's death. Not mentioning how she built a home with fences made of whale bones. It really reminded me of Robinson Crusoe. I loved how Karana tamed the wild dog's leader, to be her only friend. And especially, Karana's kinship with the other inhabitants of the island - the animals: the otters, the sea lions, the whales, the birds. I realized how lonely she was, how longed she was to meet and have conversation with other human beings; and I admired her resilience and spirit. In short, it's a lovely book for young adults, full of adventures and good lessons of survival and character building.

Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐

My Side of the Mountain (1959) by Jean Craighead George

🌳 Sam Gribley, a boy of about thirteen or fifteen, ran away from home, and determined to live on Catskill Mountains of upstate New York, the land of Gribley's ancestors. Every boy must have thought of running away and living in the wild; few perhaps made it true, but mostly for one or two days only before they went home. Sam Gribley, though, made it for months! And this book is telling you of his adventures, complete with detailed account of Sam's day to day activities; his way of securing shelter, water, and food, and how his wit guides him to survive even the snowiest days in winter.

🌳 Sam made his house by hollowing-up a huge and sturdy tree. How'd he done it? By learning a lot about living in the wild from books in the library. How to fish, how to burn the inside of a tree to hollow it, and how to make fire (he failed on his first night, but eventually became a pro after learning from a farmer he encountered). He eats fish he caught by his self-made rod, and learns to season it from plants or roots he forages from the forest. Sam also knows how to set traps for small animals like rabbits. But his ingenious idea came to him after watching a falcon flew on the sky. He stole a young Falcon from the nest (the mother certainly couldn't count!), and trained it to hunt food - very clever!

🌳 One of the setbacks of living alone in the wild is loneliness. Well, Sam is never very lonely. He has Frightful's - the falcon - company, but he also befriends a weasel he nicknamed the Baron. Well, it's not really Sam's pet like Frightful, but the three creatures live side by side in harmony. Sam's 'biggest' threat is rather from human being, than the animals or the weather. From campers (during summer) and hunters, to old ladies picking wild strawberries, who told reporters about the wild boy living in the forest. But the one he did make friend with is a man whom he nicknamed Bando, as he first thought him a bandit, but actually a schoolteacher who'd been lost. Funnily enough, this man - Bando - nicknamed Sam as Thoreau; what an appropriate name! I loved their friendship and everything they are doing together.

🌳 On the whole, it is delightful adventure story; informative, funny, refreshing, and insightful. The most hilarious part for me is perhaps when Sam decided to throw a Halloween party for the forest's inhabitants. He collects foods and placed them neatly around the tree. It was thrilled to see the animals' joyful gathering that night. However, at sunrise the morning after, Sam found that the party isn't over! The animals, no doubt ran out of food, ransacked Sam's inventory for the upcoming winter. And they made a whole mess in his tree house. It seems that all party is always the same, whether with human or animal guests - you inevitably found such mess the morning after. Human guests are slightly better because they know when the party is over, but the animals just didn't know when to stop!!

Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐1/2

Watership Down by Richard Adams

🐰 I've found a new favorite this year! It's no less than an adventure novel featuring a group of rabbits, leaving their endangered warren (a network of rabbit burrows, where a group of rabbits live together), exposed to dangers, challenges, and excitement, to seek a new home.

🐰 From the first I have liked a rabbit named Hazel. I thought he'll make a great leader because he trusts Fiver, his younger brother, who prophesied that a catastrophe is about to destroy their warren (Sandleford). Hazel knows that each person.. err.. rabbit, I mean, has his unique strength, and that to succeed in a mission, he has to trust on his instinct and the others' strength. In the critical moment, he trusts Fiver, and they ran away from Sandleford without delay, followed by nine others.

 
🐰 After running into several dangerous adventures, they came eventually to a perfect down which they picked as their future warren: Watership Down.

🐰 The novel is special because, while Adams wrote convincingly about rabbit's life - indeed, I seemed to see them alive, hopping in front of me all the time - it is, at the same time, a perfect portrayal of human nature. Each rabbit represents different character we often find in our own society.

🐰 I believe any leader-to-be of whatever community needs to read this novel. There are numerous lessons they can learn for their own good. Not only for leaders, the followers can also learn every type of leaderships we commonly find in leaders, to guide us in choosing the right one.

🐰 Other than brave, intelligent, loyal, and visioner, Hazel's respect to other creatures is remarkable. He is one proof that a leader doesn't have to be perfect - nobody is perfect anyway - but he must be insightful, kindhearted, and compassionate.

🐰 Watership Down is a whole novel - adventurous, heartwarming, and inspiring; well written and relatable.

Rating: 5 / 5

CC Spin #21: Tarzan of the Apes by Edgar Rice Burroughs

Previous Classics Club Spin has introduced me to an interesting book – One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest - which I have dreaded, but glad (more relieved, actually) that I have read it at last. This time the spin brought me another surprise - a book I regarded as a romantic adventure of an ape man (I remember watching Tarzan on TV when I was a kid), but rather different than last year's, this book appeared to be more serious than just a teenage lit. Here is why…

Heredity theme

Regular readers of my blog must have been familiar with my 'obsession' with Émile Zola, and the heredity and evolution theme in his monumental works: the Rougon-Macquart cycle. Thus you can imagine how excited I was when realizing that Tarzan of the Apes is more than an entertaining adventure/love story, it is also an interesting (more interesting even, perhaps, than Zola's) analysis on the theory of heredity and evolution. A gentleman by birth, but an ape by education, Tarzan is. It is thoroughly exciting to see how he begins to realize by instinct his superiority compared to his peers, how he learns cunning tricks, how he starts making calculations and strategies, and of course, how he teaches himself to read and write, by help of books in the cabin - John Clayton's library.

Self learning

Tarzan taught himself to read and write from a shelf-full of books, which John Clayton has, thankfully, brought with him, when he and Lady Alice decided to sail to his new post in British West Africa. I can imagine, how little Tarzan spent hours in the little cabin, diligently memorizing words and syllables from picture books, until he could fluently structure sentences, though he have never heard the pronunciation. The first proof of his study was the note he stuck on the door of the cabin which was found by the group of Professor and Jane Porter, signed by "Tarzan".

Frankly speaking, this signature was where I have detected the first flaw in Burroughs' heretofore genius scientific facts in the story. Immediately I thought: if Tarzan was the name Kala and the other apes called him in their 'tongues', and he has never heard before English words pronounced, then how could he write his name as T.a.r.z.a.n ? You know what I mean? But, if it is a flaw, it is of no significance, compared to how much Burroughs has influenced and impressed us with a touching, humorous, and adventurous stories.

Man vs animal

"Being a man, he [Tarzan] sometimes killed for pleasure, a thing which no other animal does; for it has remained for man alone among all other creatures to kill senselessly and wantonly for the mere pleasure of inflicting suffering and death." How much truth there is in this sentence! How often do we boast of human's superiority from animal, that we might forget that we, human, often behave even worse than animal - above quote is the proof.

People are often picking animal for an insult or verbal abuse, or even for bullying others. So, next time someone does that to me or my friends, I'll remind him/her using above argument. Man could be worse than animal, when he chose to do so. Tarzan, as a man-beast, highlighted the good sides and bad sides of human beings. The conflict in Tarzan, between wanting to self-develop himself and being disgusted at moral corruption of his kind, is what eventually shape him to a noble character. So, real nobility is not what man is born into, but what man decides to be, when he has choices to be other than that.

John Clayton, the Lord Greystoke, and his wife Lady Alice, were the embodiment of the true nobility, and Tarzan, while being educated as and to be an ape, he also inherited this nobility from his parents. On the other hand, though he inherited human's cunning way of views from his biological parents, yet he grown up in the nature, and so, by combining these two aspects in him, he evolved to be an almost perfect human being.

Back to Nature

Tarzan is one reminder, thus, to the world, that man should have intimate relationship with the Nature to better himself. I believe that spending much time in the nature enables us to reflect on the simplicity of God's creation, and to remind us of what we were created to be, in the first place.

This book has been an easy and entertaining read, but at the same time, an unexpected one.

4 to 5

[Children Classic] The Famous Five: Five Go Off in a Caravan

The Famous Five sets an important milestone on my bookish life. It literally marked my transition from child to teenager; and it was the first novel I read after years of reading (and being read--when I still couldn't read) picture books or comics. I still remember, being absorbed in the adventures of The Famous Five every holiday; feeling each of it became fun and exciting. My parents were not rich and could not afford going on holidays, so when my friends at school telling their exciting family holidays, I couldn't help silently thinking that MY holiday was far more exciting—if you only knew! 

When Back to The Classics challenge set children classic as one of the categories, I knew I had to revisit my five famous childhood friends: Julian (the oldest and mature one), Dick (the kind and simple one), George (or Georgina--the tomboy and the rebellious one), and Anne (the youngest and innocent one). And last but certainly not the least—in presence as well as in importance—Timmy, the dog!

This time the famous five go off in caravans (the title is deceitful; they actually rent two caravans), intending to have a break from any kind of adventures. This time it will be for leisure only, going lazily to the lake in the summer heat. But adventure usually comes seeking them uninvited, not the other way round. This time they were attracted by a circus caravan, whose procession happened to pass by them. And when they decided to camp near it, the adventure has literarily begun. 

They are fond of and befriend a circus boy: Nobby and his chimpanzee: Pongo. But his uncle is unsympathetic, though he is a clown. One night the uncle: Tiger Dan and Lou the acrobat went up the hill and bumped into the children's caravan. Without reason they asked the children to vacant the space and camp elsewhere. Of course the children refused since it was a perfect spot for camping. Then unpleasant things began to happen; the children wondered why the two men eagerly wanted them to move; what's wrong with this spot up the hill? Then one day Nobby's dog found a lump of meat near the children's caravan, ate it, instantly got poisoned, and nearly died! That was it! So it's not just about camping spot; Lou and Dan must have had a mischievous plan, and the children resolved to investigate it—here at last comes the adventure!

Rereading children classics is really comforting. And as I didn't have to care how the adventure will end, I could chew it slowly this time. And by that, I could capture many things I have missed on my first reading as a child, for example the personal character of the children. I just realised that the lovers for adventures are really Dick and George. Julian is more cautious and sensible. Dick is the kind of friend you would want to hangout with; he seems lazy at times, but very sharp when danger comes. And he's witty too. George is the one I dislike most. I don't like people who pretend to be what they are not. She is not only tomboy, but always pretends or wants people to treat her like a boy. She is also selfish and stubborn. The only thing I like from her is her dog: Timmy! Anne—well, there's nothing new about her. From the first I always see her as a sweet and responsible girl who loves to play mother to the boys (and half boy!).

This is the perfect book to be read in holidays, because in about two third of the book, the story felt cozy and relax. The adventure got tensed only on the last few chapters.

Final verdict: 4 / 5

Kidnapped

Right after reading few chapters of Kidnapped, I instantly saw the similarity with Treasure Island. The strange thing is, I totally forgot at that time that Treasure Island is also Robert Louis Stevenson’s adventure story! No wonder that those two are so alike, although Kidnapped is much more than just an adventure story.

David Balfour is a seventeen year Scottish lad that has just become an orphan. It was at 1751, when Scotland suffered from the dispute between the Lowlander and Highlander (Jacobites). His dead father left him a letter and instruction to be brought to the house of Shaws, who appeared to be David’s uncle. Imagining that he was having a situation there, Ebenezer Balfour treated him badly; he tried to murder him but failed; then he conspired with a captain of a brig to kidnap David and sell him as a slave. All was done so that David could never touch his inheritance.

David was a prisoner on board of Covenant, a brig of the villain Captain Hoseason and his gang. He saw the injustice and even a murder done by them. Fortunately, another ship wrecked, and a survived gentleman was taken into Covenant. The gentleman was a Highlander and enemy of the Campbell (King’s agent), called Alan Breck Stewart. Having overheard the Captain and the crew’s plan to murder Alan, David made an alliance with Alan to fight them back. Unfortunately the ship wrecked, and David, separated from others, was washed ashore in the inhabited isle of Earraid, where he cast away for several months, but then managed to return to the land.

Reunited with Alan, David accidentally witnessed the murder of Colin Roy Campbell, and wrongly accused. So now, Alan and David, having come from different clan (David is a Lowlander) were now in the same ‘ship’. Through difficulties and dangers they both fled. And through this journey and adventure, an intimate bound of friendship was built upon David and Alan. The question is, how would it end, considering that they were supposed to be enemies?

One most interesting aspect of this adventure story is the historical setting and facts. Many of the characters (especially those involved in the dispute of Lowlander and Highlander) were really exist in the history of Scotland, including Alan Breck himself. Through David’s eyes, Stevenson brought us to witness and learn one of Scottish histories during the Jacobite rising. Another strong point that makes Kidnapped not an ordinary adventure story, is the Scottish atmosphere that we’d find throughout the story. I was having difficulties of understanding many Scottish idioms and dialect in the first chapters, but along the way, I began to be familiar with it, and I think, overall, the Scottish nuance has added a unique value to this book.

One thing (and an important one, at least for me) that didn’t fit my expectation is the ending. Adventure stories, just like mysteries, used to have a conclusive ending. Anyway, adventures’ pace is set such that it will reach climax at the end, and that—I believe—is the chief point of writing an adventure story. Unfortunately, Stevenson did not provide that conclusive ending for Kidnapped. I read elsewhere that there are two possibilities: 1) Perhaps Stevenson was worried that his ending might contradict the history; or: 2) Kidnapped was planned to be followed by a sequel; and thus the hanging ending was applied to curious the readers.

Whatever the real reason, the ending is so dissatisfying and so abrupt that at first I was suspicious that my ebook was corrupted or something. Well, it was clearly what Stevenson has put is the real ending, and it forced me to take back a half star from the rating I originally gave this book. Three and a half stars finally, for Kidnapped, and I really wish it has a better ending!....

~~~~~~~~

*I read ebook version from Gutenberg Project*

*This book is counted as:*

4^th book for Fun Year Event With Children Literature

7^th book for Historical Fiction Challenge 2013

7^th book for Back to the Classics 2013

54^th book for The Classics Club Project

The Three Musketeers [Re-read]

This is perhaps my third reading of Alexandre Dumas’ first installment of D’Artagnan Romances series: The Three Musketeers. I read it first as a child (the illustrated abridged version), then read it again several years ago in Bahasa Indonesia translation, and now I got the chance to read it in the English unabridged version, together with Melisa, Maria and Althesia. Surprisingly, even having been familiar with the main plot—especially with the cold-hearted Milady—I was still surprised by some little details scattered within this 555 pages, which I thought I have never known before. Or, was it because I have read Twenty Years After and The Man in the Iron Mask before this that made those details more sense? Maybe….

Anyway, this time I put more attention to the historical facts of this story, The Siege of La Rochelle—the war between France and England in 1627-1628 during the reign of Louis XIII—which I have neglected in, at least, my second reading. La Rochelle was the last city which was inhabited by the Huguenots at that time, and the Cardinal wanted to take it to entirely clean France from the remnants of Calvinism. But this war was also believed (at least according to this story) to be triggered by personal interests of Duke of Buckingham and the Cardinal—who both tried to gain Anne of Austria’s love. Yes! That’s what happened when two powerful people from two countries played at a high stake.

Richelieu in "Siege of La Rochelle", 1881 by Henri Motte

The third reading enabled me to see Cardinal Richelieu as an honorable gentleman, and not merely as an antagonist who would like to destroy the queen, as I perceived before. Even d’Artagnan and the three musketeers paid some respects towards the Cardinal, despite of their dislikes. Richelieu had a mixed feeling towards the four inseparable musketeers, he admired their nobleness, brave, and intelligence, but on the other hand, he would not rest easy while they kept intercepting and ruining his plans. His last interview with d’Artagnan grew my admiration towards the Cardinal.

Rereading this book has also given me chance to follow d’Artagnan from the very early of his career. I could see that the young Gascon had already been possessing courage, intelligence, witty and prudence, even when he was scarcely twenty years of age. One quality that marked his youth off his future life as an adult was his uncontrolled amorous passion. While falling in love with Constance Bonancieux, he could also cultivate a madly attraction to Milady. I am wondering whether, if d’Artagnan met Milady when he was more experienced in his career, would he still be fallen to her charm?

In The Three Musketeers, Dumas poured out all his humour and wittiness in describing his young musketeers’ adventures. He forced me to laugh out loud several times everytime the musketeers were teasing each other; at Aramis, for example, who would be blushing a great deal when the others could guess that ‘a cousin’ means a lady he was courting, and ‘money from selling poems’ came in fact from his lover, instead of a publisher who bought his writing. It was also comical how the musketeers could never save their assets very long; for example when they got four beautiful horses from Duke of Buckingham. Athos—whose weakness was in wine and dice—put the horses at stake, and lost his and d’Artagnan’s; Aramis—with his delicate heart—sold his in low price; while Porthos—well…this is the most hilarious—he made his horse to be delicious foods which the four musketeers enjoyed very much without realizing it at first (except Porthos)! LOL, this scene is very funny indeed! =))

And in that witty manner, we came to know each musketeers’ personalities and secrets. Athos has a noble manner and heart which was sometimes senseless, but he also suffered from a huge burden that made him often drawn in his somber mood, then passed his time in drinking. It was revealed in the end, that he was actually Count de la Ferre, who came from a high rank family in the kingdom, and had a dark history concerning his marriage with Milady. Aramis was a ‘beautiful’ gentleman who adored glamorous style, and had a divine passion to serve the Church as an abbé. It was revealed later that his passion in theology appeared not of any divine reason, but rather as a gloomy reason when his lover was abandoning him! Aramis was the most hypocrite from the four, and whose life was full of mystery and intrigue, but he has the most delicate style in diplomacy—one of the best of all. Porthos was a simpleton whose intellectual was perhaps behind the others, but he was a loyal friend, and of course as brave as others. Porthos was depicted as a handsome and well-built young man who adored high fashion and exquisite gourmets.

From the four, d’Artagnan was definitely the most intelligent one, although his emotional was too unstable to be their leader—we should give that to Athos instead, for his perfect calmness. It’s remarkable to see how the trust between the four was built up so quickly, one solid foundation to their true friendship. Everytime d’Artagnan rushed to pursue something urgent, the others would unquestionably follow his step, always believed that he must have a good judgement for that. And look how the three musketeers gave themselves up to d’Artagnan when they accompanied the Gascon to England for returning the Queen’s diamond studs—an incident which could have had triggered a war between England and France, even before the siege of La Rochelle, had d’Artagnan didn’t possess his iron nerve! What a brilliant and heroic rescue that was!

Although not the best from the series, The Three Musketeers has set a good base for the d’Artagnan Romances; it’s less serious, it’s historical, it’s witty, it’s really entertaining. Four swords—instead of stars :D—from me for the four musketeers. I know now why Dumas gave the title “three” musketeers instead of “four”, it’s because d’Artagnan is the center of the whole series, so it should be: d’Artagnan AND The Three Musketeers, d’Artagnan: Twenty Years After, etc.

One favorite quote of mine, from the last intriguing interview of d’Artagnan and Cardinal Richelieu, a passage which showed d’Artagnan’s noble and brave character—which basically represented all the four musketeers’ characters. This interview was very crucial, because it would fix d’Artagnan future (life or death), and this was d’Artagnan's answer for his ‘defense’….

“My Lord, I swear to you that I have not for one instant thought of defending my head against your eminence. I will submit to whatever punishment your eminence may please to inflict. I do not cling to life sufficiently to fear death.”

~~~~~

*I read the Wordsworth Classics 1993 edition*

*This book is counted for*

3^rd book for Back To The Classics 2013

2^nd book for Read Big! Reading Challenge

1^st book for Historical Fiction Challenge 2013 -2015

36^th book for The Classics Club Project

Robinson Crusoe

[conclusion in English is at the bottom of this post]

361 tahun lalu, tepat pada tanggal 1 September 1651 seorang pria Inggris bernama Robinson Crusoe memulai pelayarannya yang pertama. Crusoe adalah putra sebuah keluarga pedagang menengah di Inggris. Ia tak memiliki bakat berdagang, namun kepalanya selalu dipenuhi impian untuk bertualang ke laut. Mengabaikan nasihat ayahnya, ia pun memutuskan untuk ikut dalam sebuah pelayaran. Tak lama kemudian terbukti itu keputusan yang salah, namun bukannya belajar dari pengalaman, Crusoe malah terlibat dalam pelayaran-pelayaran berikutnya—yang kadang berhasil memberinya keuntungan dari berdagang, namun kadang memberinya kemalangan seperti menjadi budak orang Moor (orang kulit hitam).

Bahkan ketika ia akhirnya berhasil memiliki perkebunan yang cukup sukses di Brazil, hasratnya untuk melaut lagi-lagi mengalahkan akal sehatnya. Maka tepat delapan tahun setelah pelayaran pertamanya yang gagal, Crusoe kembali melaut pada 1 September 1659. Pelayaran kali ini benar-benar membawa celaka, karena kapal mereka karam dalam sebuah badai, dan hanya menyisakan Crusoe seorang diri terdampar di pulau terpencil dan tak berpenghuni. Sendirian. Di tengah ancaman kanibalisme di perairan Karibia di abad 17.

Itulah inti kisah ini, yakni pergulatan hidup Crusoe selama dua puluh delapan tahun tinggal di pulau itu. Bagaimana ia bertahan hidup dengan memanfaatkan segala sesuatu yang ia ambil dari kapalnya sebelum karam, bagaimana ia membuat dengan tangannya sendiri segala kebutuhannya, mulai dari rumah, meja kursi, kuali, keranjang anyaman hingga piring-cangkir, termasuk segala alat bertukang yang ia butuhkan, hingga kano atau perahu; dan bagaimana ia bergantung pada alam.

Namun yang jauh lebih penting adalah bagaimana Crusoe bergulat dengan jiwanya sendiri menghadapi segala ketakutan, keputus-asaan, serta kesepian di sepanjang hidupnya di pulau, tanpa siapapun yang dapat ia ajak berdiskusi. Di tengah pergulatan itu, ia pun akhirnya mampu melihat Tangan Tuhan yang bekerja dalam setiap langkah hidupnya. Betapa, jauh dari sengsara, Tuhan justru telah menyediakan segala kebutuhannya dan melindunginya, serta terlebih-lebih memberikan kesempatan pada Crusoe untuk tetap hidup—ketika semua temannya mati dalam badai yang tak memungkinkan manusia untuk selamat. Dan untuk tujuan apakah semuanya itu dilakukan Tuhan? Di titik inilah pertobatan Crusoe terjadi. Bukan pertobatan yang gampang, melainkan melalui serangkaian pergulatan yang keras dalam jiwanya.

Defoe membuat Robinson Crusoe ini dalam bentuk semacam jurnal yang ditulis oleh Crusoe sendiri. Dengan sendirinya, bahasa Inggris yang dipakai adalah bahasa sehari-hari yang bisa anda bayangkan dipakai seorang pelaut dalam menulis jurnalnya, yang jauh dari sempurna dalam sintaksisnya. Karena itu, kalau anda menemui kalimat-kalimat yang agak aneh, kesalahan mungkin bukan terletak pada penerjemahan, karena versi aslinya memang tidak tertulis dengan sempurna. Inilah letak kehebatan Defoe, yang membuat anda berpikir buku ini adalah jurnal sungguhan, bukannya kisah fiksi.

Yang paling menarik bagiku adalah bagaimana Defoe bermonolog dalam jurnalnya, terutama pada bagian apa yang ia rasakan dan pikirkan. Bagian ini terasa sungguh hidup sehingga membuat pembaca seolah bisa melihat pergolakan emosi Crusoe yang sungguh…benar-benar melelahkan untuk diikuti, namun membuat kita menyadari betapa sulitnya manusia untuk melalui proses pertobatan; betapa panjang, rumit dan sabar Tuhan menuntun Crusoe pada keselamatan.

Yang jelas Robinson Crusoe mengajarkan pada kita untuk dapat mensyukuri apapun yang terjadi pada kita, bahwa justru saat kita merasa kita sedang dibawa pada kehancuran, pada saat itulah Tuhan sebenarnya tengah mengarahkan kita pada keselamatan. Seperti yang terefleksikan dalam quote ini:

“Begitu kecilnya kita melihat ke depan di dunia, dan begitu banyaknya alasan yang kita miliki untuk bergantung dengan gembira pada Sang Pencipta dunia. Dia tidak meninggalkan makhluknya sangat kekurangan, tapi dalam kondisi terburuk mereka selalu punya sesuatu untuk disyukuri dan kadang lebih dekat ke keselamatan dibanding apa yang mereka bayangkan, tidak, bahkan dibawa pada keselamatan dengan cara yang menurut mereka akan membawa kehancuran bagi mereka.”

Empat bintang bagi Robinson Crusoe yang bukan saja menyediakan kisah petualangan menarik, seru, tegang, namun mampu membawa kita pada sebuah refleksi yang mendalam pula.

Judul: Robinson Crusoe

Penulis: Daniel Defoe

Penerjemah: Maria Renny

Penerbit: Bentang Pustaka

Terbit: April 2007

Tebal: 385 hlm.

Conclusion:

How lucky I am that I saw o (delaisse)’s post about reading Robinson Crusoe on the 361^st celebration of Crusoe’s adventure, on September 1^st 2012. The book (Indonesian translation) has been on my TBR list for…perhaps a year, but I haven’t got the mood to read it. I was afraid because this book was not written in good English, so what if I could not get the meaning and couldn’t enjoy it? Reading with a friend gives me encouragement, and the moment is so perfect, so I began flipping the first pages of Robinson Crusoe, and…hey…I like it!

I think most of you already know what this book is about—or even have read it, so I won’t bother to write about the story. What impressed me is how Defoe wrote it as a sailor’s journal. He wrote in detail about how he built the cave, how he brought things from the wrecked ship, how he managed and prepared his foods, and all these stuffs—such, that if one day someone might fell in the same faith as Crusoe, he could have survived if he had learned this book before.

The best part of this book is Crusoe’s repentance process. It was a long, tedious and emotional—yet interesting—process through everything that had happened during his stay on the island. I was moved to read about how God brought Crusoe to realization that all of those happened to him were a Great Design of God; from the corn seed which cultivated on the particular soil, to the discovery of worn out Bible Crusoe had grabbed from the wrecked ship’s cabin. But more interestingly, was how Crusoe seemed to forget (too quickly) all these realizations when something bad happened (and this happened more than once). It seemed that Defoe took us to witness God’s tremendous patience towards stubborn sinners. All of these soul struggling monologs are worth to read!

I granted this book four stars, for I was a little disappointed with the ending. Actually I like Crusoe’s struggle on the island more than the adventures after he was saved. And after following Crusoe for twenty eight years, I was wondering how Crusoe seemed to be easily left the island just like that. I imagined that he should have been quite emotional when the time came to ‘say good bye’ to his home. Of course it was far from being called home, but the island could be assumed to be his island, he built the ‘houses’ himself, worked the corn plantation as well as the mini farm with his own hands; in short he has created a miniature of a country. And that had happened for twenty eight years, half of his life! But I did not see anything emotional from Crusoe when he left. Well… I was a little emotional at this part, just as how I got emotional every time I must move from an old house to a new one. I think a little hint of emotion would satisfy me more.

The adventures after he returned to civilization (fighting the wolves) seemed a bit anti-climax. The adventures were heart-pounding, but it washed away my previous emotional bond with the island and the divine experiences, which I think was the ‘heart’ of this story. More over, I wish Defoe closed the story at the ending, instead of hang it for a sequel to come. So now I’m just wondering, is Moll Flanders worth to read after this?...anyone?

Twenty Years After

[conclusion in English is at the bottom of this post]

Pertengahan abad 17 tercatat dalam sejarah Prancis sebagai tahun-tahun penuh pergolakan. Saat itu masih bergolak Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659), perang yang dicanangkan Cardinal Richelieu terhadap Spanyol yang dianggap membahayakan teritorial Prancis. Di tengah-tengah perang itu, pecah pula perang saudara di dalam negeri Prancis sendiri. Saat itu Cardinal Richelieu telah meninggal dan digantikan Cardinal Mazarin yang dekat dengan Ratu Anne of Austria, yang saat itu memerintah Prancis karena sang Raja—putranya—Louis XIV masih kanak-kanak. Mazarin, dalam upaya memperlambat ledakan populasi saat itu, mengeluarkan kebijakan menaikkan pajak yang membuat rakyat marah, dan akhirnya membentuk pergerakan yang dikenal dengan The Fronde. Sementara itu, para bangsawan dan parlemen juga berselisih, ada yang memihak kerajaan, ada yang memihak The Fronde. Di tengah kemelut inilah Alexandre Dumas merajut kisah keempat musketeers yang pernah berjaya di masa King Louis XIII: Athos, Porthos, Aramis dan D’Artagnan.

Dua puluh tahun berlalu, hanya D’Artagnan yang masih mengabdi pada kerajaan sebagai Letnan Musketeers, sementara ketiga mantan rekannya sudah pensiun. Athos (Comte de la Fère) menikmati perannya sebagai seorang ayah dan pelindung bagi Raoul, pemuda berusia 15 tahun. Porthos (Monsieur du Vallon) menikah dengan janda dan memiliki tiga rumah besar. Aramis mengabdikan diri pada Gereja dengan menjadi imam, dan dikenal sebagai Abbé d’Herblay. D’Artagnan dipanggil bertugas oleh Mazarin (yang tidak disukai semua pihak kecuali Ratu Anne yang—menurut gossip—menikah dengannya), dan harus membujuk ketiga mantan rekannya untuk bergabung. Mulailah D’Artagnan yang telah berpisah selama 20 tahun, bergerilya mencari ketiga rekannya untuk kembali mengulang kejayaan mereka masa lalu. Hanya Porthos yang bersedia bergabung, dengan iming-iming dianugerahi status Baron, sementara Athos dan Aramis menolak dengan alasan tak berminat.

Padahal sesungguhnya Athos dan Aramis telah merancang rencana sendiri untuk membebaskan seorang bangsawan yang telah dipenjara oleh Ratu Anne dan Mazarin karena menolak perintah. Di sini jelaslah bahwa meski keempat sahabat sehidup semati yang dahulu pernah mengucap sumpah: “All for one and one for all” itu semuanya telah ‘turun gunung’ untuk berjuang, mereka berada di dua kubu yang bermusuhan. Athos dan Aramis di kubu Fronde, D’Artagnan dan Porthos di kubu kerajaan/Mazarin. Bagaimana mereka dapat tetap memegang prinsip mereka tanpa mengorbankan persahabatan? Inilah aspek yang paling menarik di buku ini, yang dapat anda baca di refleksiku tentang Twenty Years After.

Twenty Years After, sebagai sekuel langsung dari The Three Musketeers, ternyata jauh lebih bagus daripada pendahulunya yang—herannya—justru lebih terkenal. Karakter para musketeers di sini lebih menonjol dan lebih terasah; Dumas tak hanya mengandalkan sisi hiburannya saja lewat petualangan heroik mereka (dan kuakui petualangannya pun Three Musketeers kalah memikat dengan penerusnya), namun ia juga memasukkan nilai-nilai moral, terutama tentang prinsip keluhuran (nobleness), loyalitas dan persahabatan. Kalau di Three Musketeers, musuh abadi keempat sahabat adalah Milady, maka bersiap-siaplah bertemu dengan manusia yang kejamnya hamper sama dengan Milady yang sempat membuat para sahabat kita bergidik ngeri…

Apa yang mereka ucapkan tiap kali menetakkan pedang bersama di The Three Musketeers: “All for one and one for all” mungkin tak mereka ucapkan lagi di buku ini, namun semangat yang mereka bawa tetap hidup di hati mereka masing-masing. Meski berbeda pendapat, berbeda prinsip, berbeda kepentingan, aku senang melihat bagaimana Dumas mengumpulkan mereka—sekali-lagi—dalam petualangan demi petualangan menegangkan dengan selalu mempertahankan prinsip keluhuran.

Lima pedang untuk Twenty Years After!

Conclusion:

First of all, I am surprised that The Three Musketeers is more famous than the sequel, Twenty Years After. Personally I think Twenty Years After is much more entertaining and engaging. Being a direct sequel of Three Musketeers, Twenty Years After followed the story of D’Artagnan—now lieutenant of Musketeers, who were tracing his former three best friends: Athos, Porthos and Aramis, to re-enter the political whirl and intrigue during civil war when Queen Anne of Austria and Cardinal Mazarin ruled France. D’Artagnan and Porthos were on Mazarin’s and Queen’s party, while Athos and Aramis were on the Frondeur side. However, being on opposite sides, the four of them kept firm their friendship which they have had under the oath of “all for one, and one for all”, twenty years ago. For although they were each a different person now, with different interests and motifs, they still had one aspect in common, that is their noble hearts. Read my reflection about how the musketeers reconciled their dispute.

This book offers a high fast-paced adventures, heroic acts, historical events, as well as manifestation of nobility, loyalty and friendship. My favorite would always be D’Artagnan, for he was a brave, smart, honest, loyal, humorous, and witty man. Although I have before liked Athos, I change my mind now, for I found him here too absurd for a man. Athos seemed to live beyond his world. For a chevalier, he used his heart more often than his sense, that sometimes I would think it as cowardice, if I had not known his noble quality. One should follow strictly his principles, but on certain circumstances—especially when it was related to his friends’ life, one ought to make an exception. Here, again, I admire D’Artagnan to be someone of action; I can’t imagine how the musketeers would survive without D’Artagnan’s smart plans which often saved them all.

“I declare, my friend, that you have no equal under heaven for nobleness and courage; while we were thinking you indifferent to our griefs, you alone found that we were vainly seeking. I repeat it, then, d’Artagnan, you are the best of us all; and I bless and love you, my dear son.” ~Athos

However, as a noble man, Athos was the noblest of them all. One thing that I admire from him was his principle to always serve the principle of monarchy, and not the throne sitter. It’s not the figure of King that he praised, but the noble principle that a King held. So, instead of serving the Queen and Mazarin, Athos decided (together with Aramis) to help King Charles I of England who was in desperate position in the English Civil War.

“…the most sacred cause in the world, that of misfortune, royalty and religion.” ~Athos

And what amazed me still is that D’Artagnan turned out to be a brilliant diplomat too. It is he who finally brought peace back to France, in his persuasion to the queen. Here in the last chapters we will see the nobleness quality of D’Artagnan. He pushed and cornered the queen to surrender her stubborn vanity over her people (with his diplomacy), but when the queen was weeping for her lost, D’Artagnan got down on his knees, bending to his Majesty and yielded to his own emotion. This was one of the most emotional parts in this book, which make me love it more.

Dumas has not only crafted France history in a wonderful adventurer fiction, but he also uphold nobility—one thing that has been slowly dissipating through centuries now—and reminded us of how important it always be for the world.  

Five stars for Twenty Years After.

Title: Twenty Years After

Author: Alexandre Dumas

Publisher: Wordsworth Classics

Published: 2009

Pages: 686

Kim

Membaca novel karya Rudyard Kipling ini, baru aku menyadari bahwa antara tahun 1830 hingga 1870 pernah terjadi peristiwa sejarah yang disebut The Great Game (Permainan Besar), yaitu perseteruan politik Kerajaan Inggris dan Kerajaan Rusia untuk berkuasa di Asia Tengah. Dalam buku yang masuk di urutan 78 dari 100 buku berbahasa Inggris terbaik abad 20 ini, Permainan Besar ini menjadi makin populer.

Kim adalah nama seorang bocah laki-laki yatim piatu yang suka berkeliaran di jalan-jalan kota Lahore. Nama aslinya Kimball O'Hara, putra seorang prajurit kulit putih di sebuah resimen Irlandia. Sebelum meninggal, ayah Kim mewariskan dokumen-dokumen yang menyatakan jatidiri Kim, yang lalu dijahit dalam paket yang senantiasa terkalung di lehernya. Meski berkulit putih dan putra seorang Sahib, Kim lebih suka berpakaian Hindu. Ia dijuluki Kawan Kecil dari Pelosok Dunia, dan kerjaannya meminta-minta di jalanan, sambil menjadi mata-mata kecil seorang pedagang kuda Pashtun bernama Mahbub Ali. Mengapa pedagang kuda butuh mata-mata? Karena pedagang kuda yang satu ini sejatinya adalah agen rahasia Inggris. Inilah jejak pertama intrik politik dalam kisah yang awalnya nampak sebagai kisah petualangan spiritual saja.

Suatu hari ketika sedang duduk di atas sebuah senjata yang disebut Zam-Zammah, takdir Kim mempertemukannya dengan seorang lama (biarawan) Tibet tua yang sedang melakukan Pencarian. Konon Sang Buddha pernah menembakkan anak panah dalam suatu kontes untuk melamar seorang gadis. Anak panah itu meluncur jauh, lalu menancap ke tanah. Dari sana keluarlah air dan akhirnya menjadi sungai. Sungai itu dipercaya dapat membersihkan seseorang dari segala dosa, dan disebut sebagai Sungai Anak Panah atau Sungai Penyemuhan. Sungai inilah yang hendak dicari sang lama demi melepaskan diri dari belenggu Roda Kebendaan. Seperti layaknya semua peziarah, sang lama membutuhkan seorang chela (murid) untuk melayaninya agar ia dapat fokus pada urusan spiritualnya. Kim yang berjiwa petualang segera menemani sang lama dan dengan demikian menjadi chela-nya.

Inilah Zam-Zammah yang benar-benar ada dan hingga kini masih dipajang di depan Museum Lahore, tempat pertemuan Kim dengan lama-nya di buku ini

Tugas seorang chela antara lain mengemis makanan dengan menggunakan mangkuk derma, dan menyiapkan tempat untuk tidur bagi sang lama dan dirinya sendiri. Dalam tugas pertamanya, Kim--tanpa menduga sama sekali, mulai terjerumus ke dalam intrik politik Permainan Besar. Mahbub Ali yang keberadaannya sudah dicurigai pihak musuh, mendapat ide untuk mengirim surat rahasia lewat perantaraan Kim. Siapa sih yang akan mencurigai dua orang peziarah miskin berpakaian kumal itu? Namun Kim yang cerdik tak serta merta percaya bahwa kabar yang dikirimnya berkaitan dengan kuda jantan putih. Dari mencuri dengar, ia tahu bahwa sesuatu yang besar dan penting sedang berlangsung.

Dalam kondisi itulah sang lama dan sang chela berangkat melakukan peziarahan. Sang lama fokus pada Pencariannya, sementara sang chela belumlah lega kalau tugas rahasianya belum terlaksana. Keindahan buku ini terletak pada--salah satunya, keindahan desa dan pegunungan di daerah-daerah yang dilalui Kim, juga semrawutnya kota-kota besar dalam kemiskinannya. Kipling dengan sukses membawa pembacanya seolah meneropong langsung budaya dan sosial India abad ke 19.

Sementara itu, Permainan Besar sedang diam-diam berlangsung. Meski tak diceritakan dengan detail, ketegangan mulai terbangun ketika satu persatu 'oknum' agen rahasia itu bersilangan jalan dengan sang lama (yang lugu dan tak menyadari adanya sesuatu yang tidak biasa) dan Kim. Menyadari kecerdikan dan keberanian Kim, agen rahasia bermaksud melatih Kim untuk menjadi seorang agen. Ia sempat mengenyam pendidikan yang menjadi hak anak seorang sahib, hingga tumbuh menjadi seorang pemuda.

Apakah yang akan terjadi kemudian? Berhasilkah Kim menjadi agen rahasia sungguhan? Bagaimana dengan Pencarian sang lama, akankah ia menemukan Sungainya?

Bila anda merasa asing dengan gaya penulisan Rudyard Kipling--yang telah diterjemahkan dengan baik oleh mbak Rini Nurul Badariah, jangan menyerah dan langsung menutup buku ini. Telan saja istilah-istilah asing yang bertebaran sedari awal halaman, dan kunyah saja perlahan kalimat-kalimat panjang di sana sini. Kalau mau, catatlah nama atau istilah yang terasa asing. Teruslah membaca sambil berusaha mencerna. Karena setengah bagian ke belakang, saat anda sudah mulai terbiasa dengan gaya penulisan Kipling, dan cerita mulai menegang dengan intrik politik dan mata-mata, anda akan keasyikan sendiri membaca buku ini.

Meski awalnya aku berencana memberi tiga bintang saja karena plot yang sulit dimengerti dalam buku ini, namun setelah membaca sampai akhir, aku berubah pikiran. Empat bintang kuberikan untuk buku ini. Gaya penulisan Kipling memang agak sulit dipahami, namun justru gaya itulah yang membuat buku ini sangat khas. Lama kelamaan, aku jadi suka juga dengan gaya Kipling bertutur....

Note:
Buku ini kubaca karena kebetulan Rudyard Kipling berulang tahun di bulan Desember. Sebagai hadiah, aku persembahkan review ini tepat di hari ulang tahunnya yang ke 146, hari ini: 30 Desember 2011. Happy birthday Paman Kipling!

Judul: Kim
Penulis: Rudyard Kipling
Penerjemah: Rini Nurul Badariah
Penyunting: Dhewiberta
Penerbit: Bentang Pustaka
Terbit: Juni 2011
Tebal: 453 hlm

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Bertepatan dengan hari ulang tahun salah satu penulis terbesar di dunia, Mark Twain, hari ini aku akan mengulas salah satu karya beliau--yang menurut Ernest Hemingway merupakan “buku terbaik yang pernah ada”. Dua buku yang fenomenal dari Mark Twain adalah The Adventures of Tom Sawyer dan The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Kedua tokoh utama buku ini, Tom Sawyer dan Huck (Huckleberry) Finn merupakan dua sahabat yang tinggal di kota Saint Petersburg, Missouri, yang terletak tepi sungai Mississippi pada abad 19. Perkenalan pertama dengan dua sahabat ini harus anda baca di The Adventures of Tom Sawyer dulu, karena dari sana juga anda akan tahu kisah Huck Finn yang akhirnya dipelihara oleh Janda Douglas dan dijauhkan dari ayahnya yang pemabuk.

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ini dibuka dengan kisah Huck Finn tentang kehidupannya yang sekarang, di rumah Janda Douglas dan Miss Watson. Bagaimana ia bosan setengah mati dengan ritme hidup yang teratur, pakaian rapi, bersih, sekolah dan semua pelajaran membaca dan kitab suci. Huck merindukan kehidupannya yang dulu, tidur di alam bebas, kotor, tak terawat, namun bebas merdeka.

Pada suatu hari Huck Finn, yang mengira ia takkan pernah bertemu ayahnya lagi, mendapati Pap tengah menunggunya di kamar tidurnya. Pap menagih uang yang didapat Huck dari petualangannya di The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, padahal Huck tak memegang uang itu. Singkat kata, Pap menculik Huck lalu membawanya ke sebuah pondok di tepi sungai. Meski dikurung, akhirnya Huck berhasil melarikan diri, setelah sebelumnya menciptakan sebuah ‘setting’ yang memperlihatkan bahwa dirinya telah mati dibunuh. Dengan begitu, Huck bebas bersampan di sungai, jauh dari Pap dan dari Janda Douglas—yang meski baik hati dan menyayanginya, namun tetap ia rasakan mengungkungnya.

Maka dimulailah petualangan Huck Finn menyusuri sungai Mississippi, menjelajah pulau asing, dan menyamar ke kota-kota di sepanjang tepian sungai. Lalu suatu hari ia berjumpa dengan Jim, budak kulit hitam milik Miss Watson yang tengah melarikan diri karena takut hendak dijual. Berdua, Huck dan Jim mengalami banyak hal-hal seru, menegangkan sekaligus lucu dan kadang juga menerbitkan gelitik haru. Kombinasi antara Huck Finn yang bandel tapi kadang penakut, dengan Jim yang lugu dan sangat percaya takhayul (khas orang kulit hitam) sungguh membuat perpaduan yang ganjil dan menggelikan, namun kita juga dapat merasakan kesetiakawanan, kepercayaan dan pengorbanan di sana.

Jim ketika pertama kali bertemu Huck Finn di hutan dan mengira Huck hantu (karena dia dikabarkan telah mati terbunuh)

Berkali-kali Huck dihadapkan pada dilema. Di satu sisi ia ingin bertindak jujur tentang keberadaan Jim, seorang budak yang melarikan diri dan harusnya ditangkap pihak yang berwenang. Namun di sisi lain, hati nuraninya menyuruhnya untuk tak mengatakan kebenaran tentang Jim. Huck merasa dirinya buruk karena harus berbohong, namun ia tahu ia akan merasa lebih buruk lagi kalau harus mengatakan kebenaran yang akan menyakiti Jim. Dilema yang, kurasa, sering kita alami juga dalam hidup ini. Kebenaran hukum dan kebenaran nurani rupanya memang berada di sisi yang berbeda.

Cerita mengalir dengan nyamannya, berkat gaya penulisan Mark Twain yang natural. Petualangan demi petualangan, bahaya demi bahaya, kesenangan demi kesenangan dilalui Huck dan Jim, hingga suatu saat jalan Huck dan Tom Sawyer pun bersilangan lagi saat Huck, secara tak sengaja menginap di rumah sebuah keluarga yang masih berhubungan saudara dengan keluarga Tom Sawyer. Keluarga ini telah menangkap Jim, maka Huck pun mengajak Tom (yang adalah idolanya) untuk membebaskan Jim.

Di bagian inilah aku banyak diajak tertawa ngakak oleh Twain, berkat karakter tokoh Tom Sawyer yang pengkhayal kelas kakap! Akibat banyak membaca buku tentang petualangan dan detektif, imajinasi Tom sangat luas, dan ia begitu ngotot untuk mempraktekkan semua trik yang pernah dibacanya, dalam kehidupan nyata. Proyek pembebasan Jim yang sebenarnya sepele, dipolesnya menjadi sebuah misi berbahaya yang penuh cerita. Menurut Tom, kalau bisa merancang rencana pembebasan yang penuh gaya, mengapa harus memilih cara yang praktis? Huck yang praktis (dan lebih realistis) tentu saja sering mempertanyakan rencana Tom. Begitu juga Jim yang paling banyak harus menderita gara-gara imajinasi Tom yang berlebihan. Bayangkan, ia harus tidur bersama ular jinak, tikus, dan laba-laba hanya karena menurut Tom, narapidana biasanya memelihara binatang! Hahahaha…anda pasti akan terbahak-bahak membaca bagian ini. Namun, aku juga bisa merasakan karakter kuat Tom sebagai pemimpin. Seberapa pun anehnya ide-ide Tom, Huck dan Jim selalu menurut saja sambil sesekali berkompromi.

Lewat buku ini, kurasa Mark Twain mau mengajak kita menyadari makna kebebasan dari sudut pandang yang berbeda. Bagi Jim, kebebasan adalah menjadi orang merdeka, bukan budak. Bagi Huck, kebebasan adalah bisa melakukan semua yang ia sukai tanpa dibatasi aturan. Selain itu topik perbedaan juga diangkat di sini, lewat sosok Jim, si budak. Novel ini sempat menuai kontroversi karena dianggap rasis, dengan penggunaan kata “negro”. Namun menurutku, rasis adalah soal bagaimana kita memperlakukan orang lain yang berbeda dari kita, bukan melulu sebutan—kecuali kalau sebutan itu sengaja dilontarkan karena kebencian (lagi-lagi, sikap lah yang rasis, bukan sebutannya sendiri kan?).

Satu hal yang masih menggantung bagiku, menyangkut judul buku ini. Manakah yang benar, apakah Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (tanpa ‘The’), atau The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Versi aslinya, menurut Wikipedia, tanpa ‘The’. Tapi banyak versi di luar sana yang memakai ‘The’, termasuk versi terjemahan oleh Bentang Pustaka ini. Jadi…manakah yang benar? Atau memang ada dua versi?

Akhirnya, bravo untuk penerbit Bentang Pustaka yang telah membawa karya hebat ini ke ruang baca kita semua, dengan terjemahan yang bagus. Lima bintang untuk Huck Finn. Dan selamat ulang tahun buat opa Mark Twain. Karya-karyamu akan terus menghibur dan menginspirasi kami sepanjang masa!

Judul: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Penulis: Mark Twain

Penerjemah: Ambhita Dhyaningrum

Penyunting: Dhewiberta

Penerbit: Bentang Pustaka

Terbit: Januari 2011

Tebal: 391 hlm

Treasure Island

Jauh sebelum The Pirates of Caribbean mempesona kita di layar lebar, seorang penulis Skotlandia dari abad 19 telah terlebih dahulu mempopulerkan kisah tentang bajak laut dan perburuan harta karun di pulau tropis Karibia. Treasure Island karya Robert Louis Stevenson ini kemungkinan besar menjadi pelopor terciptanya mitos bajak laut berkaki satu dengan burung kakak tua bertengger di pundaknya, peta harta karun dan perahu model sekunar. Kisah ini pertama kali diterbitkan sebagai buku pada tahun 1883.

Entah mengapa, Robert Louis Stevenson memilih membuka kisah ini dengan kedatangan seseorang bernama Biily Bones yang jelas-jelas dari penampilannya menunjukkan bahwa ia seorang bajak laut. Bajak laut itu bertubuh tinggi besar, dan pada suatu hari ia muncul begitu saja ke penginapan Admiral Benbow di Inggris sambil membawa koper hitamnya yang dijaganya bak harta karun.

Setelah berhari-hari tinggal di penginapan itu, Jim Hawkins --remaja pria berusia 17 tahun putra pemilik penginapan itu—makin tertarik saja pada Billy Bones yang tampaknya sedang bersembunyi. Billy menyuruh Jim berhati-hati bila seseorang berkaki satu yang sangat ditakutinya muncul. Namun sebelum itu terjadi, Billy terserang stroke lalu meninggal.

Ketika menggeledah koper Billy untuk mengambil uang untuk mengganti biaya penginapan, Jim menemukan sebuah bungkusan misterius dan langsung mengambilnya. Untunglah, karena tak lama setelahnya beberapa bajak laut menggeledah penginapan itu untuk mendapatkan bungkusan itu!

Bersama Dokter Livesey dan Hakim Trelawney, Jim menemukan bahwa bungkusan misterius itu adalah sebuah peta harta karun! Sebenarnya sebelum meninggal, Billy sempat bercerita kepada Jim tentang bajak laut paling ditakuti bernama Kapten Flint, dengan siapa ia dulu berlayar bersama. Tampaknya (dan sebenarnya inilah awal mula kisah ini yang sebenarnya) Kapten Flint pernah menyembunyikan harta karun jarahannya bersama anak buahnya di kapal Walrus, di sebuah pulau di Karibia. Tak seorang pun anak buahnya yang tahu lokasinya, dan peta yang dibuatnya akhirnya diwariskan ke Billy Bones. Tentu saja, kini para mantan anak buahnya mengejar Billy dan peta itu.

Dengan peta harta karun di tangan, maka dimulailah petualangan mencari harta karun. Berlayar dengan kapal Hispaniola, Dokter Livesey, Hakim Trelawney, Kapten Smolett dan kawan kita Jim pun menuju ke Karibia. Semuanya bersemangat demi petualangan di laut. Bayangkan serunya suasana di kapal dengan sesekali terdengar nyanyian itu…

“Lima belas orang di dalam peti mati---

Yo-ho-ho dan sebotol rum!”

Namun, petualangan yang semula nampak mengasyikkan itu tak lagi asyik ketika Jim secara tak sengaja mendengar percakapan juru masak kapal dan awak lainnya, saat ia duduk-duduk di dalam tong apel. Siapakah si juru masak yang berkaki satu dengan kakaktua bertengger di bahunya itu? Apakah ia bajak laut berkaki satu yang ditakuti Billy Bones? Kalau begitu mengapa ia ikut dalam pelayaran mencari harta karun ini?

Seperti biasanya, di mana ada harta karun, pastilah akan ada pertarungan dan perebutan di situ. Dan cerita pun bergulir makin cepat dan makin seru saat kapal telah berlabuh di pulau harta karun. Kubu manakah yang akan menemukan harta karun itu lebih dulu?

Karakter paling menarik di kisah ini, tentu saja, adalah kawan kita Jim Hawkins. Sebagai anggota termuda petualangan ini, jangan mengira Jim hanya menjadi awak kapal semata. Paling tidak tiga kali Jim menjadi penyelamat kawan-kawannya berkat campuran antara kenakalan, keberanian dan nasib baik. Boleh dibilang ada semacam transformasi karakter di sini, dari Jim si anak pemilik penginapan, menjadi Jim si pemberani.

Di sisi lain ada Long John Silver si kaki satu, tentu saja. Satu kata yang tepat untuk menggambarkannya adalah: cerdik. Jelas Silver tak seperti bajak laut lainnya, dan ia ditakuti oleh kawan-kawannya karena kecerdikannya. Silver adalah karakter yang eksotis, ada dua sisi dalam karakternya yang akan membuat pembaca agak bingung, namun justru semakin membuat kisah ini semakin seru dan tegang.

Ada lagi yang menarik dari kisah Treasure Island ini. Robert Louis Stevenson rupanya menempatkan beberapa unsur sejarah dalam kisah ini. Salah satunya adalah para bajak laut bernama England, Roberts, Israel Hands dan Kapten Kidd yang disebut-sebut di kisah ini. Mereka memang bajak laut-bajak laut yang pernah hidup dalam sejarah.

Treasure Island pasti telah melambungkan banyak imajinasi remaja dari jaman dulu hingga sekarang. Aku sendiri selalu senang membaca kisah-kisah yang ada unsur pelayaran, dengan kapal maupun kapal selam. Dan Robert Louis Stevenson telah dengan piawai membawa imajinasiku jauh ke Karibia. Empat botol rum untuk Treasure Island, dan tentu saja…. Yo-ho-hooo!

Judul: Treasure Island

Penulis: Robert Louis Stevenson

Penerbit: Atria

Terbit: April 2011

Tebal: 354 hlm